Date of Award

11-20-2024

Document Type

Dissertation

Degree Name

Doctor of Philosophy (PhD)

Department

Chemistry

First Advisor

Anindya Ghosh

Abstract

In this study, we synthesized an injectable hydrogel by the rehydration of lyophilized mixtures of poly-β-cyclodextrin (p-βCD) and guar adamantane (Guar-ADI) in phosphate buffer saline (pH 7.4). The hydrogel was formed through host-guest interaction. Injectable hydrogels under mild conditions have advantages in different areas such as drug delivery and bone tissue engineering. Injectable hydrogels have an adaptable shape for administration, good carrier properties, biocompatibility, and can be administered with low invasiveness. At first, p-βCD was synthesized by the polymerization of βCD. The modified guar (Guar-ADI) was obtained by the reaction of guar gum (G.G.) with 1-adamantyl isocyanate. Synthesized materials, including hydrogel, were characterized by different techniques. In vitro drug release study shows that this hydrogel is useful for the controlled delivery of drugs such as bovine serum albumin (BSA), and anastrozole. The release of these drugs followed the first order kinetics. Similarly, in vitro cytotoxicity study showed that the synthesized biodegradable and biocompatible hydrogel worked as an excellent scaffold for osteoblastic cell growth. The natural polymer (nanocellulose) was covalently modified by incorporating quaternary ammonium and ethylenediamine groups. The resultant positively charged polymer was used for the controlled release of enoxaparin. Enoxaparin is used to treat blood clots and can only be administered parenterally. Our goal is to develop a nanocellulose-based system that can be used to administer enoxaparin orally to lower the side effects of enoxaparin with ease of administration. Thus, modified polymer and polyelectrolyte complexes were characterized by different spectroscopic and microscopic techniques. In vitro enoxaparin release studies at different pH and it was found that the enoxaparin release decreased with a decrease in pH. In addition, the enoxaparin release study was done by varying the amount of nitrogen contained in the sample and it was found that the amount of enoxaparin release decreased with increase in amount of nitrogen contained in the sample. Furthermore, nanocellulose modified with p-βCD (NC-p-βCD) was also synthesized, characterized, and employed for the filtration of impurities such as bisphenol S, triclosan, and 2,4,6-trichlorophenol by adsorption technique by varying the amount of adsorbent and pH. It was found that the adsorption of these impurities was increased by increase in amounts of adsorbents and pH. The kinetics of these impurities’ removal were also studied and followed the Langmuir adsorption kinetics.

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