Date of Award

8-22-2023

Document Type

Thesis

Degree Name

Master of Science (MS)

Department

Systems Engineering

First Advisor

Al-Rizzo Hussain

Abstract

As the need for Vehicle to Infrastructure (V2I) innovations increases, further research is needed to test the performance of antennas installed on vehicles in realistic scenarios including their radiation patterns and optimal location. This thesis considers realistic suburban and urban scenarios with SISO and MIMO antennas for V2I systems at 5.9 GHz and 28 GHz. The simulation is based on Ray tracing (RT) channel models to accurately model the effects of obstacles such as buildings and vehicles on the communication signals. Time-varying vehicular environments are simulated using a 3-D RT tool involving a vehicle and a base station. This research considers the recommended antenna locations for V2I communications to provide the required coverage upon vehicle integration. The study investigated the performance of different antenna configurations including SISO and MIMO, with broadside and omnidirectional patterns. It provided recommendations for developing system models for V2I communication system applications to evaluate the efficacy of V2I communications technology. This research utilized the software tools of Altair FEKO, the antennas, and the array were simulated using the Method of Moments Solver (MoM), and the antennas installed on the vehicle were simulated using Multi Level Fast Multipole Method (MLFMM) and Large Element Physical Optics (LE-PO) solver. WinProp was used to simulate the suburban and urban to evaluate the antennas' performance in terms of wireless communication coverage, on the other hand, for SISO and MIMO antenna configurations installed on vehicles at different locations. The results showed that the location that provided the highest channel capacity was the bumper when analyzed, showed a series of Obstructed Line of Sight (OLOS) events. At the same time, the most reliable roof material for V2I communications this study revealed was metal. These results provide insight into the performance of SISO and MIMO antenna configurations, placed at specific locations on the vehicle in a suburban environment, the reliability of patch antennas in comparison to dipole antennas in a realistic urban, and their ability to provide better coverage for V2I communication networks.

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